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Non-Disclosure Agreement: NO
Intellectual Property: NO
Physical Prototype or On-Campus Equipment: YES
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For this capstone project, we are building a team to bring music across the world-literally! Our focus is on the engineering, ergonomics, material design, and packaging related to transporting tuba and other low brass instruments to meet the needs of many users, from young public and private school band students in high school to world -class musicians traveling across the globe. With this being said, the multi-disciplinary team will have multiple perspectives to consider. These persepectives include material sections on a instrument case capable of withstanding the rigors and demands of instruments weighing 20-40 pounds, the aesthetics and costs for student players and professional musicians, and finally, manufacturing aspects that ideally will meet the needs of the threes perspectives listed above.
As this is a highly multidisciplinary project, we have several areas where our project is focused on making an impact - using sophisticated software to design materials, working with professional musicians to understand their needs for portability and features, and finally research and development with actual tests to replicate the real world travel constraints along with the necessary sensors and measurements, all to ensure that our design meets the needs of all stakeholders.
The body of work represents the start of a larger endeavor to make musical instruments more accessible by reducing the weight, limiting travel restrictions of instruments, and/or addressing exorbitant cost, whereby we believe that such studies into next generation composites or other material technologies may prove critical. As such we plan to first address making cases just as strong but lighter and ideally more cost effective, then build up momentum towards complete instrument re-design.
Composites represent one of the newer classes of engineered material systems, promising lower weight, higher strength, and in some cases, better overall performance compared to even the strongest metals. The modern fiber reinforced high performance composite can trace its history almost 100 years ago, when American Cyanamid and DuPont created a polyester resin and Owens-Illinois Glass Company commercially developed the glass-fiber textile fabric. The resulting combination of flexible fabric with a hardening resin created a lightweight, high strength, corrosion resistant material capable of replacing metals in many structures ranging from marine, terrestrial, aerospace, to actual space applications. At the time, engineering structures with composites required developing new equations and theories different from that of homogeneous metals, e.g. the rule of mixtures for determining the resulting material properties or the Halpin-Tsai semi-empirical equation for failure limits. As composites would be improved with new production methods, higher load carrying capacities, and more stringent failure tolerances, finite element analysis emerged in the latter half of the century for predicting the exact stress distribution in complex structures leading to failure, especially for dynamic loading conditions where a closed form solution may not exist. These measures were required even as the overwhelming majority of applications utilizing glass fiber or carbon fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites (GFRP, CFRP, respectively) were well within the linearly elastic-brittle landing regime.
Currently, several modern industries and manufacturers of specialized equipment where strength, weight, and durability are prime concern have since switched to composites- race cars, aircrafts, and yes, even musical instruments! The benefits of having a lighter product while achieving all the same benefits of metals 2-3x heavier is surely a sigh of relief for necessary travel for student and professional musicians as well as sousaphone players in a marching band on their 3 -mile parade! |